The art of retouching (from FR. retoucher-to correct, draw) arose almost immediately with the appearance of the photo, the reason for this was the shortcomings of the images and their quality. The images were corrected manually with special pencils and paints, some areas were scraped or burned with chemical compounds – it was quite laborious and time-consuming work. Several types of retouching were used. Technical retouching was used to eliminate random defects: dots, scratches, spots, as well as to weaken or strengthen individual sections of the halftone image. Using the structure of retouching desired part cut from the negatives and manually cut them together or glued an already existing photo, then reprinted the images using the filters. The artistic method of retouching became widespread around 1850. The entire print of the photo was painted with paints, pastels and pencils. There was also a kind of retouching, in which the entire background was removed from the negative, pictures with the main object on a white background were printed and after that the background was drawn on the photo.
Over time, the methods and techniques of retouching have changed greatly and now retouchers change photos with the help of special computer programs.
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